Civil, construction, and environmental engineering. Life cycle assessment and optimizationbased decision. This paper describes an integrated solid waste management iswm model to assist in identifying alternative swm strategies that meet cost, energy, and environmental emissions objectives. Towards sustainable waste management using a lifecycle. A new model has been developed for evaluating the overall resource consumption and environmental impacts of municipal solid waste management systems by the use of life cycle assessment. Environmental assessment of solid waste systems and. There is however a specific process called life cycle assessment lca with a standardized set of steps and output in the form of environmental impact measures. Information returned from lcas can be used as an important input to informed solid waste. Lca waste lca introduced in waste management in mid 1990s waste lca is system based, often focusing on a service. The inputs and outputs of each management stage were defined and the inventory emissions calculated by the model were classified in to impact categories. Clift, r, doig, a and finnveden, g 2000 the application of life cycle assessment to integrated solid waste management part 1 methodology process safety and environmental protection, 78 b4.
Solid waste management swm is an integral component of civil infrastructure and the global economy, and is a growing concern due to increases in population, urbanization, and economic development. Illustrative applications a companion paper described the development of the integrated solid waste management iswm model that. A companion paper described the development of the integrated solid waste management iswm model that considers cost, energy, and environmental releases associated with management of municipal. A lifecycle approach is used to compute energy consumption and emissions of co, fossil and biomassderived co 2, no x, so x, particulate matter, pm 10 and greenhouse gases. The remainder of this paper is structured as follows. The problems of municipal solid waste become more serious after the war in 2003.
Claim your citation index profile in order to display more information. Plca is a commonlyused method to analyze the life cycle impacts of solid waste management systems. Efficient waste management enables the protection of human health, reducing. Life cycle assessment of the management of municipal solid waste. Impacts of solid waste management alternatives, part ii biocycle, oct. Sep 20, 2018 solid waste management swm decision makers are under increasing pressure to implement strategies that are both cost effective and environmentally sound. Life cycle based costbenefit assessment of waste management options may 2006 the study analysed municipal solid waste treatment scenarios and provided data, methodological improvements, results and strategy recommendations for the new eu member states. This paper proposes a life cycle assessmentbased lcabased twostage. Erp for waste management, waste management erp software. Nishtala air pollution prevention and control division, office of research and development, u.
The mswdst was developed through a competed cooperative agreement between epas office of research and development and rti international 1922. Jun 25, 2009 a survey of life cycle approaches in waste management has been presented in this paper. Adbs innovative 3r initiative for solid waste management to reduce, reuse, and recycle waste was launched in 2005 in tokyo, based on an agreement by the group of 8 industrialized nations to promote more efficient production and consumption and environmental conservation. Lca is an analytical tool that examines the often complex environmental impact of a product, process, or service. This lca approach provides a detailed view of the processes and impacts involved in the management of waste.
Original research life cycle assessment of municipal solid. Pdf easewastelife cycle modeling capabilities for waste. Methods for generating alternatives to manage water quality in watersheds. The software that was never finished has tendency to become obsolete. This paper proposes a life cycle assessment based lca based twostage mixedinteger stochastic programming model for an integrated solid waste management iswm system design. A key aim of eu policies on resources and waste is to move to a more resourceefficient and sustainable future. Download citation lifecyclebased solid waste management.
Prepared for the environmental research and education foundation, washington, d. Solid waste management based on costbenefit analysis using the wamed model, linnaeus university dissertations no 762012. Software development life cycle and management phases to move from theory a bit more deeply into details, lets see how project management differs for the waterfall and agile models. A novel software for optimizing emissions and carbon credit from. An swm system consisting of over 40 unit processes for collection, transfer, separation, treatment e.
Life cycle inventory lci modeling of municipal solid waste msw. A decision support framework for sustainable waste management. Although life cycle assessment lca has been widely used for the evaluation of energy consumption and environmental burden, the economic factor is not considered yet in lca procedures. This strategy stems from the need to protect the environment through the development of sustainable msw management systems, based on the waste hierarchy reduce, reuse, recyclingcompost and energy. Environmental protection agency, research triangle park, north carolina center for environmental analysis, research triangle institute, research triangle park, north.
Epas basic facts about municipal solid waste msw municipal solid waste in the united states 2001 facts and figures. To determine their role, recent papers from the international journal of life cycle assessment. A dynamic life cyclebased optimisation and decision. Most studies focus on municipal solid waste and consider specific environmental loadings. Stemming from the 50s, the waterfall model is the oldest one, and has now serious competition in form of the agile model, which has largely replaced it. If you do not know how to create a waste management plan from scratch, there are. Explore nuggets of knowledge through podcasts, videos, webinars, infographics, mobile apps, and games that provide a quick overview of materials targeted to your interests. Section 4 discusses the shortcomings of the existing models. All pertinent research and theories applied in the project are discussed in this chapter. A generalized multistage optimization modeling framework for. Life cycle assessment lca is a tool that provides a more robust method of evaluating various choices in our world. Design and development of an integrated waste management.
Erp for waste management has covered the very complicated billing system, sample testing system, plant process waste management, project management system, hrpayroll, inventory and purchase management, financial accounting, etendering, document management system integrated in one suite and hosted on a cloud server to extend the global access. Evaluating environmental impacts of alternative construction. Eu policies and legislation on waste highlight the need for good waste management. Integrated solid waste management system design under. The eiolca model, augmented with sectorlevel water use, energy consumption and ghg emissions vectors, has been used in this lca study. A survey of life cycle approaches in waste management. Landfill, therefore, is an end of the msw life cycle. Life cycle assessment lca is a systematic framework for estimating the environmental emissions and impacts associated with a product, process, or system. Ranjithan 2004 a procedure for life cycle based solid waste management with consideration of uncertainty. Solid waste participatory planning of the future of waste management in small island developing states to deliver on the sustainable development goals lena fuldauer 2019 solid waste solid waste infrastructure modelling system swims.
Model development journal of environmental engineering. Life cycle assessment and application in waste management. A mathematical programming lifecycle assessment model for. Introduction to lifecycle modeling of solid waste systems. A mathematical modeling approach international solid waste association 1998 world congress, charlotte, nc, oct. Life cycle assessment in municipal solid waste management. In this study, we propose a simulationbased decisionmaking and optimization framework for the analysis and development of effective solid waste management and recycling programs, under uncertainty. Solid waste management based on costbenefit analysis.
Jul 01, 2004 a decision support framework for sustainable waste management a decision support framework for sustainable waste management kijak, robert. Faculty of engineering and the environment, university of southampton, university. Solid waste lifecycle modeling institute resources. Solid waste management swm has become one of the priority issues to decision makers in modern municipalities. Life cycle assessment lca of five municipal solid waste. The outputs from this research win provide the mechanism for communities to develop more efficient integrated solid waste management plans and enable decisionmakers to consider factors other than cost the scope of this project is different from the traditional life cycle study for a specific product a product lifecycle study focuses on the. Development of the integrated waste management concept.
Decision support tool for lifecyclebased solid waste management. This does not imply that each waste stream undergoes every management and treatment step. A companion paper described the development of the integrated solid waste management iswm model that considers cost, energy, and environmental. Several of the other methods described so far have addressed each of the components of a products life cycle. In vitro pharmacology, bioassay development, and highthroughput screening hts isotope labeling. Towards sustainable waste management using a life cycle management decision support tool keith a. Decision support tool for lifecyclebased solid waste.
This study is based on the deterministic approach to lci. Jan 01, 2001 existing solid waste management swm planning software provides only limited assistance to decision makers struggling to find strategies that address their multifarious concerns. Case studies using municipal solid waste decision support tool susan a. Research of case studies and popular waste management theories became a model for this senior project in the investigation and development of an integrated solid waste management system. Sdlc provides a wellstructured flow of phases that help an organization to quickly produce highquality software which is welltested and ready for production use. Development of tools for evaluating integrated municipal. Computer programs have been developed to help evaluate msw. Smart includes a sophisticated financial costing model based on net present value calculations excluding discounting.
Subsidies for resource recovery, including power generation at landfill4. Sanmugavadivel ranjithan, cochair morton barlaz, cochair joseph decarolis. Life cycle assessment and application in waste management pe international gmbh leinfeldenechterdingen, germany. Solid waste management swm requires the coordination of numerous interrelated processes from collection through separation, treatment, and final disposal. Eric solano internet of things data scientist continental. The environmental effect analysis on the case study has found that the practiced management scenario i. Solid waste management has historically been seen as a public service provided by government. Municipal solid waste management is one of the most complicated problems facing the environment in iraq. Figure 1 presents all possible routes for msw management. Ecobalance 1999 life cycle inventory of a modern municipal solid waste lan dfill. Regulatory consulting and support for medical products. The development of sustainable solid waste management systems applying a life cycle. A genetic algorithm based optimization model for air quality management. The new framework integrates process models that quantify the lifecycle inventory of a range of pollutants and costs for an extensive municipal solid waste system, an optimization search procedure that identifies strategies that meet cost and environmental objectives and sitespecific restrictions, and a userfriendly interface that facilitates utilization of these components by practitioners.
For general purpose, the guidelines classify solid waste management in three systems, viz municipal solid waste, industrial solid waste, and hazardous solid waste. Specifically, prediction of municipal solid waste msw generation plays an important role in planning and management of urban solid waste system as prediction results can provide basic. One such model is smart the solid waste management resource recovery tool, a multiperiod optimisation model for swm based on mixedinteger linear programming tan et al. Within this study four developed msw management scenarios were assessed and compared with respect to their ecological, economic and social aspects using a life cycle based integrated waste management model. The data collection and preparation were mainly based on information provided by the solid waste management system of ankara. Related work solano et al 4 developed an integrated solid waste management iswm model which focused on life cycle based solid waste management. Assessment of municipal solid waste management scenarios in.
A number of models for lca of waste management have been developed, and some of these. Through development and innovative interfacing of data, measurements, analytical and decision models, and search algorithms for optimization, he couples computing and systems and environmental engineering research to develop, test and apply oneofakind life cycle based municipal solid waste management decisionsupport tool for generating. Life cycle assessment of municipal solid waste management. Cost, energy consumption, and environmental emissions associated with waste processing at each unit process are computed in a set of specially implemented unit process models. Whether we should compost, anaerobically digest, landfill, combust or gasify our waste. However, there might be fewer or more systems available in a particular city or country. Development of the solid waste and wastewater sww management.
A number of lca models have been developed for the general assessment of. Thorneloecomparing the lifecycle impacts of solid waste mgmt. The application of lifecycle analysis to waste management. How to choose an energyefficient, environmentally friendly and economically affordable municipal solid waste msw management system has been a major challenge to be taken up by decision makers. The analysis of specific waste streams and the integration of different environmental tools supporting the choice between different wastetreatment options could be taken into consideration for further work.
Solid waste life cycle assessment models are often used to evaluate the environmental consequences of various waste management strategies. The analysis of specific waste streams and the integration of different environmental tools supporting the choice between different waste treatment options could be taken into consideration for further work. The assessment provides data on the cost for products and services in environmental impacts. M unicipal waste management has always been a priority issue for environmental sustainability and resource management in urban area costi et al. Life cycle assessment of the municipal solid waste management system in. Introduction to lifecycle modeling for solid waste. Agency has launched wisard a software package for use by municipalities. Development of alternative solid waste management options with economic and environmental considerations. Volumebased solid waste fee on nonrecyclable wasteiv. This iswm model was developed to assist in identifying alternative swm strategies that meet cost, energy, and environmental emissions objectives. Municipal solid waste msw collection is an important issue in the development and management of smart cities, having a significant influence on environmental sustainability. Life cycle thinking and assessment for waste management.
Model development article in journal of environmental engineering 12810 october 2002 with 112 reads. The fy2021 nctcog solid waste program project rankings and recommended funding allocations recommended by the resource conservation councils rcc grant selection subcommittee are included in the table below. Environmental life cycle assessment lca has developed fast over the last three decades. This guide was published to assist local governments with analyzing their solid waste system by utilizing full cost accounting fca to identify, collect, track, and analyze costs associated with solid waste services. Nishtala research triangle institute 3040 cornwallis road research triangle park, nc 27709 susan a. Materials recovery facility tool kit asian development bank. Illustrative applications journal of environmental engineering. The production of useful products resulting from material or energy recovery is also an end of the life cycle of msw. Implementation of life cycle assessment models in solid waste. Given that local governments throughout ghana are increasingly using ppps to enhance service delivery for solid waste management, the yes program began working in the swm sector with the hypothesis that the value chain approach can improve the sustain. Municipal solid waste management involves at least three stages. Using life cycle assessment for integrated waste management.
Is it better to burn or bury waste for clean electricity. The recommendations were generally applicable to municipal solid waste treatment. A life cycle based energy and greenhouse gas emission. Environmental protection agencyoffice of research and development air pollution prevention and control division md63 research triangle park, nc 2771 1 abstract i. The content of the phd thesis is based on six papers prepared for scientific. A multistep chaotic model for municipal solid waste. A mathematical programming life cycle assessment model for solid waste management decision making. Enforcement becomes the most crucial aspect of policies for swm as they could only make a difference if these are properly enforced at all levels. The emission factors are generated using the lifecyclebased process models for wte and lflfgte embedded in the municipal solid waste decision support tool mswdst. The amount of municipal solid waste generated in the districts of ankara. A process model was developed using a lifecycle approach to estimate the cost and energy use associated with municipal solid waste collection, which is the most fuelintensive and often the most. The combinatorial nature many waste items and many management options and multiple objectives of the swm problem severely constrain the effectiveness of a manual. Model development, asce journal of environmental engineering, vol. Solidworks sustainability results are accurate, reliable, and credible.
It must have a direct discussion of its terms, limitations, and scope. Connect with experts and peers around the world to share knowledge and work together to find new development solutions. The foundation of every life cycle analysis is the development and use of process models to estimate the emissions from solid waste unit processes. Ranji ranjithan department of civil, construction, and. Consequently, the effective management of solid waste has become a matter of critical importance for communities. Solidworks sustainability software utilizes data and models from the industryleading gabi environmental database from pe international, which can be automatically updated. Just like a business plan, a waste management plan must be created precisely. Lifecycle process model for municipal solid waste collection.
Consequently, swm has developed into a highly complex systemic planning problem and analytical tools are needed to assist in the development of more sustainable swm strategies. Us case studies using municipal solid waste decision support tool. The waste framework directive establishes the waste hierarchy. Ccatreated wood disposed in landfills and life cycle tradeoffs with waste toenergy and msw landfill disposal, waste management, vol 27, issue 8, life cycle assessment in waste management. Sdlc or the software development life cycle is a process that produces software with the highest quality and lowest cost in the shortest time possible. Life cycle assessment lca is an effective technique to choose between. Modeling of solid waste management systems springer for. An overview of construction and demolition waste management in canada. Life cycle assessment of the management of municipal solid. Life cycle based integrated municipal solid waste management. Solid waste management is a complex and multidisciplinary problem that should be taken into consideration from technical, economic and social points of view. Simulationbased optimization of solid waste management.
An overview of construction and demolition waste management. The application of life cycle assessment to integrated. Oct 10, 2002 the model is flexible to allow representation of sitespecific issues, including waste diversion targets, mass flow restrictions and requirements, and targets for the values of cost, energy, and each emission. Model development this paper describes an integrated solid waste. These are focused on using lca for waste management systems with the use of tools specially developed for this purpose. European union has recently strongly emphasized the role of lca in its waste and resource strategies. A survey of lifecycle approaches in waste management has been presented in this paper. The environmental impacts of waste incineration with auxiliary coal were investigated using the lifecyclebased software, easewaste, based on the municipal solid waste msw management system in. Whereas lca developed from merely energy analysis to a comprehensive environmental burden analysis in the 1970s, fullfledged life cycle impact assessment and life cycle costing models were introduced in the 1980s and 1990s, and sociallca and particularly consequential lca gained ground in the first.
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